Tuesday, June 28, 2011

Sucker Punch




Yes, I finally saw it. I very badly wanted to see this film in theatres, even though every review I read said that it was total crap (many times, it didn't even rate a single star). The review in my town's particular newspaper said that this film was full of rape fantasies that would only be enjoyed by lovers of Japanese schoolgirl anime/manga. I believe needless to say (but obviously I am saying it anyway), I found that a bit offensive and it only made me want to see it more, just to see on what basis the film critic would say this.

Honestly, I do not understand at all what made him think this. Yes, the film is rather like an anime. I thought this at many times. Though anime can have a lot in common with normal books and/or movies, this did smack more often of an actual anime....unsurprisingly, since it was written and directed by Zack Snyder, the man who gave us 'Watchman' and '300', both based off of graphic novels. For the record, I never saw 'Watchman' (I was going to, but with only a tepid interest in it and the movie clocking in at over three hours, I couldn't bring myself to do so), and I positively hated '300'. One could choke on the testosterone in that film.

'Sucker Punch', on the other hand, does have many anime cliches (girls in schoolgirl outfits and skimpy leather clothes wielding katanas and large guns). There is even one scene featuring a giant mecha. And one could even argue with the plot. The film critic for my town newspaper certainly did. But he sounded confused by it, which I don't understand.

A brief synopsis (without {hopefully} giving away too much):



A young girl is institutionalized by her abusive stepfather. She begins retreating to an alternative reality as a coping strategy. In this alternate world, she is an orphan, turned over to work in a brothel.


She and her fellow workers must dance to lure in customers, but when she dances, she imagines herself in another world....a world in which she is a warrior, fighting for her freedom. She creates a real plan, one to escape the brothel, and enlists her friends in this bid for freedom, using her dancing to help guide her way.


Still following? Hope so. The critic in our paper didn't seem to make it past the first story jump, from the girl, BabyDoll (we never learn her true name, only the name she takes on in the world of the brothel) going into her alternate reality of the brothel. He complained of the three storylines, saying they didn't make sense. The first skip didn't confuse me. The second one had me faltering....when BabyDoll jumped from dancing to warrior mode for the first time, I was a little lost. But then she returned, and it was clear that when she danced, she lost herself in this other realm, freeing herself from the world she "lived" in, a world of imprisonment.

I don't know why the alternate reality she chose (the brothel) would have been one of imprisonment....perhaps BabyDoll felt so stifled by her circumstances (the loss of her mother, her step-father's abuses) that she could imagine no other escape but one of yet another entrapment.

To return to the film critic's comment about "rape fantasy"....I just don't understand. Yes, this takes place in a brothel, so there is a lot of reference to sex. But sex is not the same as rape. I suppose one could qualify it as rape since the girls are there against their will. But it is hard (in my opinion) for this to be qualified as "rape fantasy" when the message is clearly highly anti-rape. There is an attempted rape in the film, and the man nearly gets knifed for his troubles. Maybe the end result doesn't matter, and rape fanatics get off on the thought of rape itself, no matter the outcome, but I still think that this movie would make a poor case for a "rape fantasy" lover's dream.

The computer graphics are used to great success here, mainly in BabyDoll's imagined warrior world, but also in the opening scenes before she is taken to the asylum, a scene which in itself is a work of art. The shot of the button spinning on the floor is so pointless, yet gorgeously done.

Another high point is the film's soundtrack. Every single song was wonderful, and has me dying to go out and buy the cd.


The movie was definitely no masterpiece, but it was highly enjoyable. I would definitely recommend it, unless you are a person (like my father) who needs your movies to be classically good. This is definitely no more than a piece of good old rock 'em sock 'em, though very lovely to look at, cinema. (Watch for John Hamm's cameo....definitely a much appreciated moment in the film.)


Who honors those we love for the very life we live? Who sends monsters to kill us... and at the same time sings that we'll never die? Who teaches us what's real... and how to laugh at lies? Who decides why we live and what we'll die to defend? Who chains us... and who holds the key that can set us free? It's you. You have all the weapons you need. Now fight.

Friday, June 17, 2011

Mao's Last Dancer: Before you can fly, you have to be free.




Today, at long last, I watched 'Mao's Last Dancer'. I say "at long last" because I've had this movie on request for several months. The reviews for the film had been quite good, and while I never depend on reviews, I do take them into account, so I'd had high hopes for the film. I was not disappointed. Quite the contrary, it was far better than I had expected, which was saying something.




The film is based on the autobiography of Chinese dancer Li Cunxin. At the age of 11, Li was picked from a poor Chinese village by Madame Mao's cultural delegates and taken to Beijing to study ballet. In 1979, he was chosen by a cultural exchange program to visit a ballet company in Houston Texas. While there, he fell in love with an American dancer named Elizabeth. At the end of his stay in America, he had decided he didn't wish to return to China. He and Elizabeth got married, but the Chinese consolute refused to accept this. Li's struggle turns into an all-out battle, the Chinese government against Li and his wife, friends, lawyer, and the support of the people of America.



This film was lovely to look at. I don't believe I have ever watched a full ballet in my life, but I couldn't get enough. Chi Cao, who plays Li, dances with such grace and passion that it is impossible to take your eyes off him. But more than that, this film is inspiring. In the beginning, Li does not want to dance. As a child, he is happy to go to Beijing, an experience no one in his peasant village is likely to share in. But dancing itself is not an activity he enjoys. Not until his teacher, Mr. Chan, shares with him a love of Baryshnikov and thus, a joy of dance. He leaves for America and learns to truly feel free.

The ending left me in tears. I haven't cried at a film in a long time. I can't remember the last time I actually cried at a movie, and this one had me close to bawling.

Wednesday, June 15, 2011

LotR: Fellowship of the Ring

Not sure how many people are aware, but Lord of the Rings is being released on BlueRay, and this means its returning to theatres for one night and one night only. That means one night per film, not one night for all three films. That would be a bit ridiculous. Though a few of us have done it before. I think it was only myself, Drea, Karen, Amy, and Duana. I'm not sure. And we were all RIDICULOUSLY slap-happy by the end of it. Orc hickeys.

Needless to say, I flipped out when I found out. I bought my tickets immediately, and have had them for approximately a month. Tuesday, June 14th was the night of the first film, Fellowship of the Ring. And it was not just the movie....it was the EXTENDED EDITION. Plus, I do believe that the BluRay edition has even more added footage. I don't think I need to tell you that I was in my glory.

Jess, Meg, and Dave were all there with me. And we were all obnoxious. Luckily, I think JRR Tokien would have no problem with our mockery (despite my great love for the books and films, I still make tons of jokes). CHRISTOPHER Tolkien would be ripshit pissed, but he's sort of a twatwaffle.

The only problem I had with it was that it could have started a little earlier. To get out of the movies around 11 is a bit late. I mean, the Best Picture Showcase every winter gets out around 11, but I always make sure I don't have to work the day after, and I also sleep in my own bed. This time, I slept over Meg's/Dave's, and had work at 10. Its not as if that's early, but I didn't sleep well. Not anyone's fault.....I just don't always sleep well in beds that aren't my own, and this was one of those nights.

But the film was, as always, EPIC, so it was alllll worth it. Can't wait for the 21 and the 28, when I'll see Two Towers and Return of the King.

Tuesday, April 5, 2011

Ranma 1/2

Ranma 1/2 was the first manga I chose to review for this blog. You will notice that no review has yet been posted. This is because I am LAZY.

Not lazy about reading. I finished Ranma 1/2 a few months ago. I'm just extremely lazy about posting.

Ranma 1/2 is 36 volumes. One of the reasons I chose it was because our library had the entire series and I really wanted to read and review a complete series, not just a few volumes. Originally, I was hesitant about Ranma 1/2, because I've never been a fan of the art style of the author, Rumiko Takashi. However, as I read more and more, I really began to love it. She has an incredibly unique style. You can tell immediately when you see Ranma 1/2, Inuyasha, or Maison Ikkou, that Takahashi is the creator.

The storyline is simple, but fun: Ranma, a teenage boy, went with his father to some hot springs in China for martial arts training. However, the hot springs were cursed. When a person falls into one of the pools, he is cursed to transform whenever doused with cold water into whatever person/thing drowned in that pool.
Unfortunately for Ranma and his father, Genma, they both fall into two separate pools. This turns Genma into a panda, and Ranma into a girl.

The big problem lies in the fact that Genma has promised Ranma's hand in marriage to his friend Soun Tendo, who can marry Ranma off to whichever of his three daughters he should choose. Ranma gets paired off with the martial arts-loving tomboy Akane, and the two are immediately at each others' throats constantly.

Ranma's and Akane's relationship would seem to be one-note...they quarrel mostly, and sometimes they quarrel to hide the fact that they actually do care for one another. There are sweet notes to their relationship, little moments where you can see their feelings blossoming. The relationship between Ranma and Akane is one of the best I've read in a manga in a while, one of the sweetest I've seen since the manga Mars...though it's a subtle sweetness.

Sometimes Ranma 1/2 gets bogged down with a plethora of 'guest stars'....Ranma himself has a handful of suitors who just won't stop trying to break his engagement with Akane....but usually, this settles well into the storyline, and doesn't become overbearing.

The final story arc, with the inhabitants of Ho'o Peak, was a little hokey for my taste. I felt that winged people went a bit too far into the fantasy genre. Then I remembered that I was reading a book about a boy who magically transforms into a girl, and told myself to chill out and go with the flow.

I did feel that the last volume felt a bit rushed, but over all, this was a wonderful manga. The storyline is terrific, the characters (even when there are too many) are varied and interesting. Ranma him/herself immediately got added to my future cosplay list, and I began watching the anime. I definitely recommend it! (Be prepared for nudity!)

Thursday, March 31, 2011

Who needs crack when you have 'Hetalia'?

So, after approximately an hour negotiating with the internet (with very little success) to let me sign into my gmail account so I could actually update this damn blog for once, it finally stopped bitching and cooperated.  Of course, the one time I actually WANT to update it, my account has a problem with the cookies on my computer.  Why are they even CALLED that?

ANYway, I've been stuck home with a cold.  Well, not just a cold.  A cold AND strep throat.  Leave it to me, right?  Friday night I kept waking up with a sore throat, so I knew it was coming, and only today did I start feeling somewhat decent.  Thank God for penicillin.

Due to this cold, I've had nothing to do but read and watch tv and sleep.  I've felt too terrible to get out of bed unless its to lay on the couch. Thus, I've had plenty of time to waste spend watching anime. I watched 8 episodes of 'Black Butler' (still not sure how I manage that many, but I'm determined to stick it out.....review to come later) and (here comes the pretty disgusting part) 28 episodes of 'Hetalia'.

Before you regard me with TOTAL disgust, the episodes are only 17 minutes long, including intro/theme song, so its easy to fit in a lot more than a regular anime that runs 25-35 minutes.

And, as I said, 'Hetalia' is equivalent to crack.

The first episode begins with America (as I'm sure everyone knows, the characters are countries) loudly proclaiming that the best way to stop global warming is to have a giant man protect the earth in his arms (think Atlas). I remember very little after that. The remaining 16 minutes passed in a blur, with me sitting there, my face looking (I imagine) somewhat like this O.O

However, I couldn't for the life of me resist watching a second episode. And the way that the story began weaving together was wonderful. It was a combination of WWII history, ethnic jokes (mostly at the expense of Italy, much to my amusement, since I'm a 1/4 Italian), and a TON of bullshitting.

I can't remember the last time I laughed so much. I would definitely encourage everyone to watch this show.



The Axis- Italy, Germany, and Japan


The Allies- (left to right, in back) France, Russia (in front, left to right) America, England, China

Sunday, February 27, 2011

Oscar night!

Its finally here!  *sound fanfare*

I just finished preparing for the Oscar party at Meg's and Dave's.  I've been baking all morning.  I have a food item for every Oscar movie (except two.  One I left at home and the other I ended up not being able to get to the store to pick up).
The menu is as follows:
The Black Swan:  black&whites
The Fighter: shepard's pie (whoo, Irish pride!)
Inception: chocolate dreams
The Social Network:  mini pizzas (appropriate college food)
The King's Speech:  scones (going British)
127 Hours: trail mix
Winter's Bone: buffalo wings (this one I looked up online.  I hadn't seen the movie yet and couldn't think of anything.  The person went off of the scene with the girl hunting squirrels and said, rather than find squirrel recipes, she was just going with chicken wings.  So, not having seen the movie yet, I followed her thoughts.)
Toy Story 3: candy (hey, its a kids movie.  Kids like candy)
The Kids are All Right: (this is one that I couldn't get the food for.  I was going to get strawberries b/c first of all, the film is very organic in nature, and secondly, there is mention of strawberries in particular in that one line that I need not get into here lol)
True Grit: (the other movie I don't have food for, which is sad, because this is the film that sparked the idea in the first place.  Mom and I joked that for the party, I should get jerk for this film, and then I suggested doing food for each film.  So there IS jerky, it is just sitting at home.  Alas.)

Yesterday was my second day at the movies.  AMC Cinemas does a Best Picture Showcase where you can go and see all of the films nominated for best picture, all in a row.  Now, seeing as it is ten pictures, it is split between two days.  Last year I only was able to go one of the days, but this year I went both.  I'm really glad about that, for I think I have a really good handle on who/what is going to win each award.  We'll see.^^

I'm personally really sure that King's Speech will win Best Picture.  If it doesn't, it's a travesty.  That was by far the best picture.  It was not only good dramatically, but it was witty, it was funny, the dialogue was wonderful, each character had wonderful depth and emotion.  You really got lost in that film.

Here is the order in which I rate the films:
1.The King's Speech
2. The Fighter
3. Inception
4. True Grit
5. Black Swan
6. 127 Hours
7. The Kids Are All Right
8. The Social Network
9. Winter's Bone
10. Toy Story 3       I'm sorry, its not a bad film, but it does NOT belong on this list.  At ALL.  If any animated film this year belonged on this list, it was Tangled.  I saw Tangled four times, and it never stopped making me feel.  Making me laugh, making me squirm (the scene when they are trapped in the cave), filling me with hope, longing....what the characters felt, I felt as well.  That movie brought back the old Disney magic.  Toy Story 3 (in my opinion) doesn't compare.  And if "I See the Light" doesn't win Best Original Song, I will be very angry.  ESPECIALLY if Randy Neuman wins again.  That man drives me insane.  Seriously.

I think Darren Aronofsky should win for 'Black Swan', though the Coen brothers are my second choice, for 'True Grit'. 

Best Actor should (I think obviously) go to Colin Firth for 'King's Speech'.  My second choise is Jeff Bridges for 'True Grit'.  I REALLY wish they hadn't been nominated in the same year, for Jeff Bridges was AMAZING.  I'd give them both one if I could.  Not that I'm in charge.

Best Actress, as much as I can tell, since I didn't see two of the nominees (Nicole Kidman in 'Rabbit Hole' and Michelle Williams in 'Bule Valentine') should go to Natalie Portman in 'Black Swan'.

Best Supporting Actress?  No question.  Melissa Leo for 'The Fighter'.  That woman was INTENSE.

Now, the categories that 'Inception' will (I believe) sweep: Art Direction, Cinematography, Sound Editing, Sound Mixing, Visual Effects.  If it doesn't get the majority of these, then the academy members are on crack.  Just saying.


There are several categories that are hard for me to judge because I haven't seen the movies involved.  Most of them aren't films widely released.  These are categories like "Short Live Action Film" and "Animated Short".  Usually I take a wild guess.

For Animated Short, I'm going with the only one I saw: 'Day and Night', which was by Pixar, and was actually really really cute.  Started slow, but was very well done and had a cute storyline.

For Live Action Short, I'm going to guess..............God of Love.  Because I like its title ahahaha.  Usually, I've at least HEARD of one of the movies nominated, so I go with that one, but this year, I know none of them.  So that's how its going to be.  I'm going with the one with the title I like most.  Although I also really like 'Wish 143' so we'll split the guess.  If that's allowed.  I feel like that's cheating.  Eh.

Best Film Editing goes to '127 Hours'.  I think that's a pretty good guess.  Usually film editing is hard for me, too, but this film was really nicely done.  'Black Swan' made me sort of second guess this decision, so if anyone beats '127 Hours' I think it'll be 'Black Swan', but I think '127 Hours' will take the award.

Makeup?  no idea.  The only film I'm familiar with in this category is 'The Wolfman' so I'm going with that. Plus, if you look up the other films on imdb, it looks like their makeup is more realistic style.  Though that's never stopped the academy before.

For Foreign Film, I'm really not sure.  I've only seen one if them, and it was literally one of the most bizarre things I have ever seen.  It was called 'Dogtooth' and is from Greece.  I'm glad I saw it, but seriously....so very very strange.  If you ever want to watch it....consider yourself warned.  Bizarre.  But I will vote with 'Biutiful', since Javier Bardem earned an Oscar nod for his performance in it.

Best Documentary?  Ohhhh man.  Once again, I only saw one, but that was all I needed to see to know it will win.  'Exit Through the Gift Shop.'  AMAZING.  Everyone watch this.  Its about street art and its so fucking good.  And assholes get pwned.  XD

For Best Writing (Adapted Screenplay) I think 'The Social Network' will probably win.  Either that or '127 Hours' but 'Social Network' has been getting more hype and better reviews, so its more likely it will win.
For Best Writing (Original Screenplay) I think 'The King's Speech' will win.  It really should.  Both the dramatic and humorous bits are just so fluid.  Its really such a great movie.

Soundtrack?  Personally I feel 'How to Train Your Dragon' should win.  We'll see.  'Inception' was good.  I personally liked 'HTTYD' better, but we'll see.

Best Documentary (Short Feature) I once again have no idea.  So we'll go with 'Warriors of Quigang'.  Once again, because I like the sound of it.  XD

And that's it!  Hope everyone enjoys the show as much as I do!^^


Tuesday, February 15, 2011

Favorite Emotional Moments in Film

In honor of the upcoming Oscars, I have decided to make a list of some of my favorite emotional and moving moments in some of my favorite films.  Obviously some are left out.  I realized just now that I didn't put in any from Becket.  I'm not even going to attempt to do so now...there are simply too many to choose from.

WARNING: I tried my best to avoid spoilers, but for some of these, I couldn't help it.  Read at your own risk.

The Lion in Winter
I don’t remember how young I was when my father first showed me this movie, and it made such a huge impact on me. It is still my all time favorite movie today, and it is so difficult to choose one scene from this film, but there is one that always stuck out in my mind. This is the scene in Prince Phillip’s bedchamber, the scene of revelations and secrets, when Richard confesses his hurt that his father has ignored him for his entire life.
“You never called me! You never said my name! I’d have walked, I’d have crawled….I’d have done anything.”
I remember when I was little, after seeing this scene, the look on Richard’s face always stuck with me. That look of desperation, his eyes glassy with unshed tears. I couldn’t get it out of my head and whenever I thought of that scene and pictured his face, I was always filled with an overwhelming sense of sadness.


Breaker Morant
This movie is so unknown, and I am so disappointed in that. It is probably the best foreign film I have ever seen. It was made in 1980, and stars Edward Woodward, an amazing British actor with one of the best speaking voices I have ever heard (and a very good singing voice was well….I have a record of his). It is a true story about three men during the Boer war in South Africa. An order is given by the high commanders in the Australian army that no prisoners of war are to be taken, but are to be immediately executed. Then, after the fact, these officers want to cover up the disgraceful order and so they choose three lieutenants as the scapegoats, and court martial them for the ‘crime’ that they only committed under orders.
The trial is obviously fixed from the start, and once again, there are so very many scenes from this film that are incredibly moving. But if I had to choose one, I would choose the scene where Harry ‘Breaker’ Morant and Peter Handcock are given their sentences. There is such raw emotion there that, once viewed, can never be forgotten.
This story was covered up by the Australian government for years, until the third officer court-martialed managed to publish a book about it, entitled ‘Scapegoats of the Empire’
“The fact of the matter is that war changes men's natures. The barbarities of war are seldom committed by abnormal men. The tragedy of war is that these horrors are committed by normal men in abnormal situations. Situations in which the ebb and flow of everyday life have departed and have been replaced by a constant round of fear and anger, blood and death.”
 
The Man Who Would Be King
Those of you who haven’t seen this movie (and I’m guessing it’s a fair few) will probably still be familiar with its story due to the much more recent cartoon movie ‘The Road to El Dorado’, which is loosely based on it. It is the story of two men who go off to a small country named Kafiristan, determined to become kings. One of them becomes worshiped as a god. That’s when the trouble begins.
Most moving in this film is the bridge scene when, facing the most hopeless situation they have ever been in, Daniel and Peachy begin to sing their old song from their days as soldiers in the British army. They know they have no hope, but they will go down with a song on their lips.
"Peachy, I'm heartily ashamed for gettin' you killed instead of going home rich like you deserved to, on account of me bein' so bleedin' high and bloody mighty. Can you forgive me?"
"That I can and that I do, Danny, free and full and without let or hindrance."
"Everything's all right then."

It’s a Wonderful Life
My favorite scene in this movie, the scene I find most moving, is one I have many times been called sick for loving. It is with young George Bailey, when he is working at Mr. Gower’s drug store, and discovers the telegram Mr. Gower received telling him that his son has died. Distraught, Mr. Gower has accidentally put poison in some pills meant for some sick children. George does not deliver them as he is supposed to and Mr. Gower, in his anguished state, becomes angry and begins hitting George….right in his bad ear that he lost hearing in only recently. He tells Mr. Gower what happened and you can see the revelation on the old man’s face, the relief at the disaster that has been averted, the thankfulness to George, and how bad he feels for hitting the boy. He moves to hug him and George, crying, tries to back away.
“Don’t hurt my sore ear again, don’t hurt my sore ear again!”
But Mr. Gower embraces him, thanking him and apologizing, and George swears to never tell a soul what happened.
 
Guess Who’s Coming to Dinner
This is a wonderful movie set in the 60’s about what happens when a white girl and a black man want to marry. It is a time when mixed race marriages were still treated with contempt. Even their parents don’t know what to make of the situation, and the couple gives them only one evening to decide whether or not the accept the marriage.
While the mothers are willing to approve, the fathers can’t find it in them to accept the children as a couple, convinced they will face too much adversity. There is a scene between the girl’s father (Spencer Tracy) and the man’s mother (Beah Richards) about their thoughts on the subject, and it never ceases to give me goosebumps. I have never seen this woman in another movie, but when you can not only hold your own against Spencer Tracy, but upstage him, you have something special.
“What happens to men when they grow old? Why do they forget everything? I believe those to young people need each other, like they need the air to breathe in. Anybody can see that just by looking at them. But you and my husband are….you might as well be blind men. You can only see that they have a problem. But do you really know what’s happened to them? How they really feel about each other? I believe that men grow old. And when the…when sexual things no longer matter to them, they forget it all. Forget what true passion is. If you ever felt what my son feels for your daughter, you’ve forgotten everything about it. My husband too. You knew once…but that was a long time ago. Now the two of you don’t know. And the strange thing is, for your wife and me, is that you don’t even remember. If you did, how could you do what you are doing?”
 
Brokeback Mountain
There really is nothing I can say about this movie. Everyone knows the story. Two young men go up to the mountains to wrangle sheep. Somehow, something unexplainable explodes between the two of them, and won’t let go. I hate when people make fun of the line “I wish I knew how to quit you” because it is so fitting. Something has them, has sunk its claws into them, and they can’t let go of each other, no matter how many miles apart they live, no matter how many months or years they go without seeing each other.
I had read the synopsis of this film before I saw it, so I knew everything that was going to happen, including how it ended. Still, I wasn’t at all prepared for how I would feel.
When Ennis goes to Jack’s house, to his empty room, and finds their two shirts hanging together in the closet, both on one hanger, and embraces them, trying to breathe in the scent of Jack, I sat there in the theatre, both hands over my mouth, trying to stifle my crying. I couldn’t keep from crying, even though I had known what was going to happen. The feelings, Ennis’ overwhelming sadness welling over, knowing that he had wasted so many chances and now he could never see Jack again….I bought that movie the day it came out four years ago and haven’t watched it since. Its not something I can bear to watch on my own, it is simply too sad, and I haven’t had anyone to watch it with. Hopefully sometime soon, because it is so damn good.

Blade Runner
A science fiction movie is not where one usually looks for deep seated emotion, but this movie has one of the most moving scenes I have ever seen in a movie. It comes at the end, where Roy is sitting on the roof in the rain, the dove in his hand. His four years are up, and despite his deep hatred for Deckard, he saves his life, because knowing how it feels to have your death always hovering in front of you, knowing that it is coming for you, at that moment, he values life so much that he is even willing to save Deckard’s life.
“I've seen things you people wouldn't believe. Attack ships on fire off the shoulder of Orion. I've watched C-beams glitter in the dark near the Tannhauser Gate. All those moments will be lost in time, like tears in the rain. Time to die.”

Maybe I'll do more of these movies, but not now.  Now I'm tired.  Slinkydinks.